Introducción a R paraEpidemiología Aplicada

# Introducción a R para Epidemiología Aplicada

### Bienvenida e introducción

[contact@appliedepi.org](mailto:contact@appliedepi.org)

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# Gracias por acompañarnos

**Gracias por dar tu servicio a tu comunidad en estos tiempos tan ajetreados.**  
Nos alegramos de que aprendas R con nosotros.

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Haz una breve ronda de presentaciones

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## Acerca de Applied Epi

**"Por epis, para epis"**

Un **movimiento global** elevando la calidad de la epidemiología de primera línea.

Una organización **sin ánimo de lucro**.

Creemos que la transición de la sanidad pública a R debe estar dirigida por los/as mismos/as usuarios/as de base.

]

**170** epidemiólogos y epidemiólogas con **experiencia en R** y experiencia en salud pública **en el terreno**.

]

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# Cursos de formación en R

Son cursos **sincrónicos**  con **tutorías de 1 a 1** y **seguimiento de apoyo**.

**Más de 1200 epis en 350 agencias** han hecho nuestros cursos de introducción, incluyendo el CDC de EE.UU., la OMS, Médicos sin Fronteras (MSF), agencias nacionales y locales.

**Cursos avanzados** - Consulta nuestros cursos avanzados de R sobre SIG, automatización avanzada, estadística, Git/Github, series temporales/ detección de brotes, paneles de control, ¡y mucho más!

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# Manual de R para epidemiólogos/as

- Disponible gratuitamente en **[www.epiRhandbook.com](www.epirhandbook.com)**
- 50 capítulos disponibles online y offline con **ejemplos de códigos usando las mejores prácticas**
- Utilizado **4\.000 veces al día** por **650\.000 usuarios de todo el mundo**
- Traducido al español, francés, portugués, vietnamita, turco y más...

> *"El mejor compañero del epidemiólogo"* - Epidemiólogo, CDC de Nigeria

> *" entrelaza tantas cosas, de forma tan sucinta y tan increíblemente clara"* - Epidemióloga, CDC de EE.UU.

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# Soporte de R multilingüe 24/7

**Reserva llamadas de 1 a 1 con técnicos/as epidemiólogos/as que utilizan R**

> "Ayuda rápida y de calidad - **un salvavidas**!" -
*Asesor EpiMédicos sin Fronteras*

Utilizado por cientos de organismos, incluido el Ministerio de Sanidad de Uganda para la respuesta a brotes de ébola.

]

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# ¿Por qué aprender R?

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# Aprender R...

## ...es realmente útil

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Menciona la habilidad comercializable además de la técnica para la respuesta epidémica

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# Aprender R...

## ...es liberador

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# Aprender R...

## ...puede ser un trabajo duro

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# Aprender R...

## ...da momentos de pura alegría

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# Aprender R...

## ...es más fácil que nunca

- Interfaz de usuario amigable (RStudio)
- Sintaxis más sencilla ("tidyverse")
- Libros y blogs
- Recursos gratuitos de Applied Epi:
  - **Manual R del Epidemiólogo**
  - **Tutoriales en línea**
  - **Casos prácticos**
  - **Foro comunitario**  
    ]

]

???

- Hay un poco de curva de aprendizaje, como con cualquier software.
- Pero estamos aquí para ayudarte a superar ese bache inicial para que puedas seguir desarrollando.

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# Aprender R...

## ...es más flexible

???

- R puede leer y escribir en montones de programas y bases de datos diferentes.
- Puede contener varios conjuntos de datos a la vez
- También puede producir muchos resultados diferentes
- Flujos de trabajo automatizados y reproducibles (te ahorran tiempo y quebraderos de cabeza)

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# Aprender R...

## ...automatiza las tareas rutinarias

- Limpieza de datos

- Creación de informes (Word, PDF, HTML...)

- Presentaciones con diapositivas y paneles informativos

- Creación de mapas (SIG)

]

]

.footnote[*317 informes COVID-19 elaborados diariamente por Public Health England en 2020 (Imagen: Paula Blomquist)*]

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- Elaborar informes a escala, un ejemplo de nuestra colega Paula del EpiRHandbook
- No es un informe elegante, es un documento plano de Word, ¡pero responde a necesidades específicas!
- **Ejemplo clave de inteligencia local y de ninguna manera podría prescindir del poder de R**

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# Aprender R...

## ...realiza brillantes visualizaciones de datos

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- La visualización de datos es esencial para comprender las tendencias y los brotes de la vigilancia de enfermedades
- **Una de las características más potentes de R**
- Diagramas de red, mapas, mapas de calor, figuras integradas, la lista continúa...

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# Aprender R...

## ...recurre a tu lado creativo

???
Mucha gente piensa que codificar es crear obras de arte... por ejemplo, crear cerámica, escribir poemas, pintar, etc.

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# Aprender R...

## ...con una comunidad de millones

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- ¿Cuál es la mayor comunidad de usuarios de R del mundo? Chicas R
- Existen comunidades de ayuda en muchos lugares: nosotros tenemos nuestro foro de la comunidad

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Comunidad de personas que apoyan el software libre, las herramientas de acceso abierto y la democratización e igualación de la ciencia de datos

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# Este curso

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# Objetivos del curso

- Alcanzar una competencia básica en el uso de R para tareas comunes de salud pública, como gestión y visualización de datos, tablas resumen e informes automatizados

- Tener experiencia en la aplicación de R a diversas bases de datos

- Comprender cómo progresa R y estar preparado/a para el autoaprendizaje sostenido

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# Programa del curso

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0 solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcc58848{background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}</style><table data-quarto-disable-processing='true' class='cl-fcc7d166'><thead><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><th class="cl-fcc58604">Módulo</th><th class="cl-fcc5862c">Tema</th><th class="cl-fcc58636">Soporte 1-a-1 (disponibilidad 24/7)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcc58640">Pre-curso</td><td class="cl-fcc5864a">Solución de problemas de instalación</td><td class="cl-fcc5865e">Llamadas de preparación</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcc58668">1</td><td class="cl-fcc58686">RStudio, sintáxis básica de R</td><td rowspan="10"class="cl-fcc58687">Tutorías sin límite sobre el material del curso</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcc58688">2</td><td class="cl-fcc586a4">Limpieza de datos</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcc586ea">3</td><td class="cl-fcc586f4">Limpieza de datos más compleja</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcc58708">4</td><td class="cl-fcc58712">Agrupamiento y resumen de datos</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcc58730">5</td><td class="cl-fcc58731">Visualización de datos con Ggplot2</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcc5874e">6</td><td class="cl-fcc5876c">Resolución de problemas y obtener ayuda</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcc58688">7</td><td class="cl-fcc586a4">Reportes RMarkdown automatizados</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcc58780">8</td><td class="cl-fcc58794">Transformación de datos con uniones y transposiciones</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcc5879e">9</td><td class="cl-fcc587a8">Gráficos en salud pública: mapas de calor (heatmaps), curvas epidemiológicas, pirámides demográficas, y demostración de SIG</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcc587e4">10</td><td class="cl-fcc587ee">Caso de estudio: COVID-19</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcc58816">Post-curso</td><td class="cl-fcc58820">Te ayudamos a aplicar R en tu trabajo. 1 cupón de una hora válido por hasta 6 meses.*</td><td class="cl-fcc5882a">Revisión del código R</td></tr></tbody><tfoot><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td colspan="3"class="cl-fcc5882b">*La duración del código de reserva puede variar por cohorte. Se puede comprar tiempo adicional.</td></tr></tfoot></table></div>

---

# Datos utilizados en este curso

- **Módulo 1: Supervisión de los suministros de pruebas COVID-19**

- **Módulos 2 - 9: Estudio de caso de brote de Ébola**
  
  - Listado de casos de vigilancia (datos primarios)
  - Registros hospitalarios de 5 hospitales
  - Base de datos de investigación de casos
  - Base de datos de resultados de laboratorio

- **Módulo 10: Base de datos de brotes y población COVID-19**

---

# Cada módulo

- **Diapositivas**: Breve explicación de conceptos y códigos

- **Demo**: Demostración de codificación en directo del material

- **Ejercicios**: Los ejercicios en línea te guían para escribir código de R en tu ordenador
  
  - *Cuestionario* Comprueba tu comprensión
  - *Reuniones de 1 a 1* con instructores (solicítalas en cualquier momento)
  - *Comparte pantalla* para detectar errores e invitarte a una sala individual
  - *No pasa nada si no terminas*. Tienes las soluciones en la carpeta del curso.
  - *Toma descansos* cuando los necesites

- **Devolución**: Una revisión de la codificación en directo y consejos de los/as instructores/as

- **Después del módulo**: Tienes recursos a tu disposición
  - Las *grabaciones* están en el sitio web del curso
  - *Tutorías 1 a 1* sobre el material del curso

---

# Certificado

Para recibir un certificado de finalización, debes

1) **Asistir al 80% de las sesiones** (o recuperarlas con las tutorías del curso)

2) **Completar una encuesta anónima de valoración**

3) **Enviar un correo electrónico a [training@appliedepi.org](mailto:training@appliedepi.org)** con:

- El link a tu publicación en el foro de nuestra comunidad (Módulo 6)
- Tu script de R del estudio de caso COVID-19 (Módulo 10)

---

# Nuestro acuerdo

**Nuestro equipo:**

- Creará un espacio de aprendizaje personalizado y de apoyo

- Apreciará tu experiencia

**Esperamos que tu:**

- Salgas de tu zona de confort *(¡puede que descubras una nueva pasión!)*

- Nos digas si no entiendes algo y te pongas al día si te pierdes una sesión

???
Estamos en este curso para tener éxito, juntos

---

# Este módulo

**Objetivos**

- Dentro de un proyecto de RStudio, escribir código R básico para:
  - Realizar cálculos
  - Crear y modificar objetos
  - Utilizar funciones
  - Instalar y cargar paquetes
  - Importar e inspeccionar una base de datos

<div class="tabwid"><style>.cl-fcd37b42{}.cl-fcd042d8{font-family:'Helvetica';font-size:11pt;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);background-color:transparent;}.cl-fcd197fa{margin:0;text-align:left;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);padding-bottom:5pt;padding-top:5pt;padding-left:5pt;padding-right:5pt;line-height: 1;background-color:transparent;}.cl-fcd1a5ba{width:1.033in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 1.5pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 1.5pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcd1a5ce{width:2.968in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 1.5pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 1.5pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcd1a5f6{width:1.033in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcd1a600{width:2.968in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcd1a60a{width:1.033in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcd1a61e{width:2.968in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcd1a628{width:1.033in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcd1a63c{width:2.968in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcd1a63d{width:1.033in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 1.5pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcd1a63e{width:2.968in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 1.5pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcd1a646{width:1.033in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcd1a65a{width:2.968in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}</style><table data-quarto-disable-processing='true' class='cl-fcd37b42'><thead><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><th class="cl-fcd1a5ba">Tiempo</th><th class="cl-fcd1a5ce">Tópico</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcd1a5f6">45 minutos</td><td class="cl-fcd1a600">Bienvenida y logística del curso</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcd1a60a">30 minutos</td><td class="cl-fcd1a61e">Tour por RStudio y sintáxis de R básica</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcd1a628">2 horas</td><td class="cl-fcd1a63c">Ejercicio</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcd1a63d">15 minutos</td><td class="cl-fcd1a63e">Devolución</td></tr></tbody><tfoot><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td colspan="2"class="cl-fcd1a646">Toma pausas como desees durante los ejercicios</td></tr></tfoot></table></div>

???
Fíjate en las pausas para estirar.

---

# Proyectos RStudio

Tu trabajo se hace en **proyectos de RStudio**.

Un proyecto es un **un entorno de trabajo de R autónomo y portátil**

Te facilitan enormemente la vida.

]

Este curso está organizado en 3 proyectos.

**Cada proyecto es una carpeta para un brote o análisis específico** que contiene datos, scripts, resultados y el archivo ".Rproj".

📁 intro\_curso

- 📁 **modulo1**
  - modulo1.Rproj
  - 📄 datos.csv
  - 📄 analisis.R
- 📁 **ebola**
  - ebola.Rproj
- 📁 **covid**
  - covid.Rproj

]

???
Te ayudaremos
Puedes comprimir la carpeta y compartirla con un colega, se puede alojar en una unidad compartida, y se puede sincronizar con un repositorio de Github.

---

# Demostración en vivo

## RStudio y sintaxis básica

---

## Funciones:

## Herramientas para realizar una tarea específica

]

]

---

# Funciones

### Entradas y salidas

- Una función es como una máquina que
  - Recibe entradas
  - Realiza alguna acción con las entradas
  - Devuelve una salida

- Las funciones tienen un nombre (*¡mejor si es intuitivo!*), y tienen paréntesis ( )
  - `print()` te ayuda a imprimir un objeto de R
  - `mean()`  promedia algunos valores
  - `filter()` elimina determinadas filas de una base de datos utilizando criterios lógicos

---

# ¿Te resulta familiar?

Las **funciones** de R son similares a las **ecuaciones** de Excel

- Aceptan entradas dentro de **paréntesis**
- Las entradas están separadas por **comas**

---

# Funciones sencillas de R

- `sqrt()`
  
  - Acepta un valor numérico como entrada, devuelve la raíz cuadrada

]

``` r
sqrt(49)
```

```
## [1] 7
```

]

???
Demuestra cada `sqrt(49)`, `sqrt(12)`, `max(1, 15, 2, 9)` (explica las comas)
Explica los vectores `c(1, 15, 2, 9)` y un vector con nombre `cities <- c("Wuhan", "Milan", "New York")`
Anota rápidamente los vectores indexados `cities[[2]]`
y numéricos: `ages <- c(15, 28, 100, 15, 65, 4, 10)` entonces `summary(ages)` y `summary(ages)[2]` y `summary(ages)[[2]]`

---

# Funciones sencillas de R

- `sqrt()`
  
  - Acepta un valor numérico como entrada, devuelve la raíz cuadrada

- `max()`
  
  - Acepta valores numéricos y devuelve el máximo

]

``` r
sqrt(49)
```

```
## [1] 7
```

``` r
max(2, 10, 15, 200, 9)
```

```
## [1] 200
```

]

---

# Funciones sencillas de R

- `sqrt()`
  - Acepta un valor numérico como entrada, devuelve la raíz cuadrada

- `max()`
  - Acepta valores numéricos y devuelve el máximo

- `c()`
  - Abreviatura de "concatenar"
  - Combina entradas en un *vector*  
]

``` r
sqrt(49)
```

```
## [1] 7
```

``` r
max(2, 10, 15, 200, 9)
```

```
## [1] 200
```

``` r
c(2, 5, 9, 12, 47)
```

```
## [1]  2  5  9 12 47
```

]

---

# Argumentos

La mayoría de las funciones no son tan sencillas.

Hay que decirles *cómo* trabajar y *en qué* trabajar.

Utiliza los **argumentos** de una función para especificar estos valores.

Los argumentos son como las entradas y las configuraciones, con *nombres*

]

]

---

# Esto te puede resultar familiar

Una vez más, Excel no es tan diferente de R:

- Los argumentos tienen nombre y están separados por comas
- Los valores pueden ser numéricos (12), nominales ("Manzana") u otros objetos (A1:A5)
- Algunos argumentos son opcionales o tienen valores por defecto

???
¿Qué devuelve esta ecuación de Excel?

---

# Ejemplo de panificación

Imaginemos que **`oven_bake()`** es una función para hacer pan.

¿Qué *argumentos* podría tomar esta función?

Pista: ¿Qué *ajustes* hay que hacer? ¿Qué *objeto* hay que meter en el horno?

---

# `tbl_cross()` ejemplo

Esta base de datos en R tiene el nombre **`vig`**.

Queremos una tabulación cruzada de las columnas `def_caso` y `sexo`.

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1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcea376a{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcea376b{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcea3774{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcea3775{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcea3788{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcea3792{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcea379c{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcea37a6{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}</style><table data-quarto-disable-processing='true' class='cl-fcec2796'><thead><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><th class="cl-fcea3710">caso</th><th class="cl-fcea371a">def_caso</th><th class="cl-fcea371b">sexo</th><th class="cl-fcea372e">edad</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcea372f">1</td><td class="cl-fcea3742">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fcea374c">mujer</td><td class="cl-fcea3756">1</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcea3760">2</td><td class="cl-fcea3761">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fcea3762">hombre</td><td class="cl-fcea3763">16</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcea376a">3</td><td class="cl-fcea376b">Sospechoso</td><td class="cl-fcea3774">mujer</td><td class="cl-fcea3775">10</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcea376a">4</td><td class="cl-fcea376b">Sospechoso</td><td class="cl-fcea3774">mujer</td><td class="cl-fcea3775">10</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcea3760">5</td><td class="cl-fcea3761">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fcea3762">hombre</td><td class="cl-fcea3763">64</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcea3760">6</td><td class="cl-fcea3761">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fcea3762">hombre</td><td class="cl-fcea3763">8</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcea3788">7</td><td class="cl-fcea3792">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fcea379c">mujer</td><td class="cl-fcea37a6">22</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcea3788">8</td><td class="cl-fcea3792">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fcea379c">mujer</td><td class="cl-fcea37a6">31</td></tr></tbody></table></div>

]

La función `tbl_cross()` tiene tres argumentos:

``` r
tbl_cross(data =, row =, col = )
```

]

---

# `tbl_cross()` ejemplo

Esta base de datos en R tiene el nombre **`vig`**.

Queremos una tabulación cruzada de columnas `def_caso` y `sexo`.

<div class="tabwid"><style>.cl-fcf9d800{}.cl-fcf599b6{font-family:'Helvetica';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);background-color:transparent;}.cl-fcf599d4{font-family:'Helvetica';font-size:11pt;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);background-color:transparent;}.cl-fcf7a346{margin:0;text-align:right;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);padding-bottom:5pt;padding-top:5pt;padding-left:5pt;padding-right:5pt;line-height: 1;background-color:transparent;}.cl-fcf7a38c{margin:0;text-align:left;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);padding-bottom:5pt;padding-top:5pt;padding-left:5pt;padding-right:5pt;line-height: 1;background-color:transparent;}.cl-fcf7b872{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b87c{width:1.126in;background-color:rgba(255, 255, 0, 1.00);vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b87d{width:0.803in;background-color:rgba(255, 255, 0, 1.00);vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b87e{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b886{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b8b8{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b8d6{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b8ea{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b8f4{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b8f5{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b8fe{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b8ff{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b912{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b926{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b927{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b928{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b930{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b931{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b932{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fcf7b933{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}</style><table data-quarto-disable-processing='true' class='cl-fcf9d800'><thead><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><th class="cl-fcf7b872">caso</th><th class="cl-fcf7b87c">def_caso</th><th class="cl-fcf7b87d">sexo</th><th class="cl-fcf7b87e">edad</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcf7b886">1</td><td class="cl-fcf7b8b8">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fcf7b8d6">mujer</td><td class="cl-fcf7b8ea">1</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcf7b8f4">2</td><td class="cl-fcf7b8f5">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fcf7b8fe">hombre</td><td class="cl-fcf7b8ff">16</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcf7b912">3</td><td class="cl-fcf7b926">Sospechoso</td><td class="cl-fcf7b927">mujer</td><td class="cl-fcf7b928">10</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcf7b912">4</td><td class="cl-fcf7b926">Sospechoso</td><td class="cl-fcf7b927">mujer</td><td class="cl-fcf7b928">10</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcf7b8f4">5</td><td class="cl-fcf7b8f5">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fcf7b8fe">hombre</td><td class="cl-fcf7b8ff">64</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcf7b8f4">6</td><td class="cl-fcf7b8f5">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fcf7b8fe">hombre</td><td class="cl-fcf7b8ff">8</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcf7b930">7</td><td class="cl-fcf7b931">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fcf7b932">mujer</td><td class="cl-fcf7b933">22</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fcf7b930">8</td><td class="cl-fcf7b931">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fcf7b932">mujer</td><td class="cl-fcf7b933">31</td></tr></tbody></table></div>

]

El comando también se puede escribir de forma vertical, así:

``` r
tbl_cross(
  data = 
  row  =  
  col  =       )
```

]

---

# `tbl_cross()` ejemplo

Esta base de datos en R tiene el nombre **`vig`**.

Queremos una tabulación cruzada de columnas `def_caso` y `sexo`.

<div class="tabwid"><style>.cl-fd0789a0{}.cl-fd0354fc{font-family:'Helvetica';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);background-color:transparent;}.cl-fd035506{font-family:'Helvetica';font-size:11pt;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);background-color:transparent;}.cl-fd0494fc{margin:0;text-align:right;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);padding-bottom:5pt;padding-top:5pt;padding-left:5pt;padding-right:5pt;line-height: 1;background-color:transparent;}.cl-fd049506{margin:0;text-align:left;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);padding-bottom:5pt;padding-top:5pt;padding-left:5pt;padding-right:5pt;line-height: 1;background-color:transparent;}.cl-fd04a366{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a367{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a370{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a371{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a37a{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a398{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a399{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a3ac{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a3ad{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a3b6{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a3b7{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a3c0{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a3ca{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a3cb{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a3d4{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a3d5{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a3e8{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a3e9{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a3f2{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd04a3fc{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}</style><table data-quarto-disable-processing='true' class='cl-fd0789a0'><thead><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><th class="cl-fd04a366">caso</th><th class="cl-fd04a367">def_caso</th><th class="cl-fd04a370">sexo</th><th class="cl-fd04a371">edad</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd04a37a">1</td><td class="cl-fd04a398">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd04a399">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd04a3ac">1</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd04a3ad">2</td><td class="cl-fd04a3b6">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd04a3b7">hombre</td><td class="cl-fd04a3c0">16</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd04a3ca">3</td><td class="cl-fd04a3cb">Sospechoso</td><td class="cl-fd04a3d4">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd04a3d5">10</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd04a3ca">4</td><td class="cl-fd04a3cb">Sospechoso</td><td class="cl-fd04a3d4">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd04a3d5">10</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd04a3ad">5</td><td class="cl-fd04a3b6">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd04a3b7">hombre</td><td class="cl-fd04a3c0">64</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd04a3ad">6</td><td class="cl-fd04a3b6">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd04a3b7">hombre</td><td class="cl-fd04a3c0">8</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd04a3e8">7</td><td class="cl-fd04a3e9">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd04a3f2">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd04a3fc">22</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd04a3e8">8</td><td class="cl-fd04a3e9">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd04a3f2">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd04a3fc">31</td></tr></tbody></table></div>

]

La base de datos que queremos utilizar se llama **vig**

``` r
tbl_cross(
* data = vig,
  row  =  
  col  =    )
```

*En R, debes indicar qué base de datos debe utilizar, porque puedes almacenar varios*.

]

---

# `tbl_cross()` ejemplo

Esta base de datos en R tiene el nombre **`vig`**.

Queremos una tabulación cruzada de columnas `def_caso` y `sexo`.

<div class="tabwid"><style>.cl-fd143ed4{}.cl-fd110d0e{font-family:'Helvetica';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);background-color:transparent;}.cl-fd110d18{font-family:'Helvetica';font-size:11pt;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);background-color:transparent;}.cl-fd1257fe{margin:0;text-align:right;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);padding-bottom:5pt;padding-top:5pt;padding-left:5pt;padding-right:5pt;line-height: 1;background-color:transparent;}.cl-fd1257ff{margin:0;text-align:left;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);padding-bottom:5pt;padding-top:5pt;padding-left:5pt;padding-right:5pt;line-height: 1;background-color:transparent;}.cl-fd126690{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd1266b8{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd1266b9{width:0.803in;background-color:rgba(255, 255, 0, 1.00);vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd1266cc{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd1266cd{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd1266ce{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd1266cf{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd1266d6{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd1266d7{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd1266e0{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd1266f4{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd1266f5{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd1266fe{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd126708{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd126709{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd12670a{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd12671c{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd126726{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd126744{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd126745{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}</style><table data-quarto-disable-processing='true' class='cl-fd143ed4'><thead><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><th class="cl-fd126690">caso</th><th class="cl-fd1266b8">def_caso</th><th class="cl-fd1266b9">sexo</th><th class="cl-fd1266cc">edad</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd1266cd">1</td><td class="cl-fd1266ce">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd1266cf">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd1266d6">1</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd1266d7">2</td><td class="cl-fd1266e0">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd1266f4">hombre</td><td class="cl-fd1266f5">16</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd1266fe">3</td><td class="cl-fd126708">Sospechoso</td><td class="cl-fd126709">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd12670a">10</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd1266fe">4</td><td class="cl-fd126708">Sospechoso</td><td class="cl-fd126709">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd12670a">10</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd1266d7">5</td><td class="cl-fd1266e0">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd1266f4">hombre</td><td class="cl-fd1266f5">64</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd1266d7">6</td><td class="cl-fd1266e0">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd1266f4">hombre</td><td class="cl-fd1266f5">8</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd12671c">7</td><td class="cl-fd126726">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd126744">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd126745">22</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd12671c">8</td><td class="cl-fd126726">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd126744">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd126745">31</td></tr></tbody></table></div>

]

Las *filas* de la tabla cruzada deben proceder de la columna **`sexo`**

``` r
tbl_cross(
  data = vig,
* row  = sexo,  
  col  =    )
```

]

---

# `tbl_cross()` ejemplo

Esta base de datos en R tiene el nombre **`vig`**.

Queremos una tabulación cruzada de columnas las `def_caso` y `sexo`.

<div class="tabwid"><style>.cl-fd2e8730{}.cl-fd2a42ec{font-family:'Helvetica';font-size:11pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);background-color:transparent;}.cl-fd2a430a{font-family:'Helvetica';font-size:11pt;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);background-color:transparent;}.cl-fd2bf628{margin:0;text-align:right;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);padding-bottom:5pt;padding-top:5pt;padding-left:5pt;padding-right:5pt;line-height: 1;background-color:transparent;}.cl-fd2bf63c{margin:0;text-align:left;border-bottom: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-top: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-left: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);border-right: 0 solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.00);padding-bottom:5pt;padding-top:5pt;padding-left:5pt;padding-right:5pt;line-height: 1;background-color:transparent;}.cl-fd2c0956{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd2c096a{width:1.126in;background-color:rgba(255, 255, 0, 1.00);vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd2c097e{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt 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rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd2c0a46{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd2c0a64{width:0.608in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd2c0a78{width:1.126in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd2c0a82{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd2c0a96{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}</style><table data-quarto-disable-processing='true' class='cl-fd2e8730'><thead><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><th class="cl-fd2c0956">caso</th><th class="cl-fd2c096a">def_caso</th><th class="cl-fd2c097e">sexo</th><th class="cl-fd2c0988">edad</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd2c0992">1</td><td class="cl-fd2c09a6">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd2c09b0">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd2c09c4">1</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd2c09ce">2</td><td class="cl-fd2c09e2">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd2c09ec">hombre</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a0a">16</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd2c0a1e">3</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a28">Sospechoso</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a32">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a46">10</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd2c0a1e">4</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a28">Sospechoso</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a32">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a46">10</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd2c09ce">5</td><td class="cl-fd2c09e2">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd2c09ec">hombre</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a0a">64</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd2c09ce">6</td><td class="cl-fd2c09e2">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd2c09ec">hombre</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a0a">8</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd2c0a64">7</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a78">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a82">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a96">22</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd2c0a64">8</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a78">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a82">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd2c0a96">31</td></tr></tbody></table></div>

]

Las *columnas* de la tabla cruzada deben proceder de la columna **`def_caso`**

``` r
tbl_cross(
  data = vig,
  row  = sexo,  
* col  = def_caso)
```

]

---

# `tbl_cross()` ejemplo

Esta base de datos en R tiene el nombre **`vig`**.

Queremos una tabulación cruzada de columnas `def_caso` y `sexo`.

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middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd3d0544{width:0.803in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.cl-fd3d0558{width:0.625in;background-color:transparent;vertical-align: middle;border-bottom: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-top: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-left: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);border-right: 0.75pt solid rgba(102, 102, 102, 1.00);margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}</style><table data-quarto-disable-processing='true' class='cl-fd3ef340'><thead><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><th class="cl-fd3d047c">caso</th><th class="cl-fd3d0490">def_caso</th><th class="cl-fd3d049a">sexo</th><th class="cl-fd3d04ae">edad</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd3d04b8">1</td><td class="cl-fd3d04c2">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd3d04c3">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd3d04cc">1</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd3d04d6">2</td><td class="cl-fd3d04e0">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd3d04ea">hombre</td><td class="cl-fd3d04fe">16</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd3d0508">3</td><td class="cl-fd3d0512">Sospechoso</td><td class="cl-fd3d0526">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd3d0530">10</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd3d0508">4</td><td class="cl-fd3d0512">Sospechoso</td><td class="cl-fd3d0526">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd3d0530">10</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd3d04d6">5</td><td class="cl-fd3d04e0">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd3d04ea">hombre</td><td class="cl-fd3d04fe">64</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd3d04d6">6</td><td class="cl-fd3d04e0">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd3d04ea">hombre</td><td class="cl-fd3d04fe">8</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd3d0531">7</td><td class="cl-fd3d0532">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd3d0544">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd3d0558">22</td></tr><tr style="overflow-wrap:break-word;"><td class="cl-fd3d0531">8</td><td class="cl-fd3d0532">Confirmado</td><td class="cl-fd3d0544">mujer</td><td class="cl-fd3d0558">31</td></tr></tbody></table></div>

]

Ahora ejecutamos el comando para crear la tabla cruzada

``` r
tbl_cross(
  data = vig,
  row  = sexo,  
  col  = def_caso)
```

<div id="sunnxuscsg" style="padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:auto;width:auto;height:auto;">
<style>#sunnxuscsg table {
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#sunnxuscsg div.Reactable > div.rt-table > div.rt-thead > div.rt-tr.rt-tr-group-header > div.rt-th-group:after {
 height: 0px !important;
}
</style>
<table class="gt_table" data-quarto-disable-processing="false" data-quarto-bootstrap="false">
 <thead>
 <tr class="gt_col_headings gt_spanner_row">
 <th class="gt_col_heading gt_columns_bottom_border gt_left" rowspan="2" colspan="1" scope="col" id="label"></th>
 <th class="gt_center gt_columns_top_border gt_column_spanner_outer" rowspan="1" colspan="2" scope="colgroup" id="def_caso">
 <div class="gt_column_spanner">def_caso</div>
 </th>
 <th class="gt_col_heading gt_columns_bottom_border gt_center" rowspan="2" colspan="1" scope="col" id="stat_0">Total</th>
 </tr>
 <tr class="gt_col_headings">
 <th class="gt_col_heading gt_columns_bottom_border gt_center" rowspan="1" colspan="1" scope="col" id="stat_1">Confirmado</th>
 <th class="gt_col_heading gt_columns_bottom_border gt_center" rowspan="1" colspan="1" scope="col" id="stat_2">Sospechoso</th>
 </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody class="gt_table_body">
 <tr><td headers="label" class="gt_row gt_left">sexo</td>
<td headers="stat_1" class="gt_row gt_center"> </td>
<td headers="stat_2" class="gt_row gt_center"> </td>
<td headers="stat_0" class="gt_row gt_center"> </td></tr>
 <tr><td headers="label" class="gt_row gt_left">    hombre</td>
<td headers="stat_1" class="gt_row gt_center">3</td>
<td headers="stat_2" class="gt_row gt_center">0</td>
<td headers="stat_0" class="gt_row gt_center">3</td></tr>
 <tr><td headers="label" class="gt_row gt_left">    mujer</td>
<td headers="stat_1" class="gt_row gt_center">3</td>
<td headers="stat_2" class="gt_row gt_center">2</td>
<td headers="stat_0" class="gt_row gt_center">5</td></tr>
 <tr><td headers="label" class="gt_row gt_left">Total</td>
<td headers="stat_1" class="gt_row gt_center">6</td>
<td headers="stat_2" class="gt_row gt_center">2</td>
<td headers="stat_0" class="gt_row gt_center">8</td></tr>
 </tbody>
 
</table>
</div>

]

---

# Paquetes

Las funciones `sqrt()`, `sum()`, `max()`, `min()` y `c()` están listas para usarse cuando instalas R.

Se llaman funciones de **{base} R**.

]

Sin embargo, la mayoría de las funciones deben descargarse con su **paquete de R**.

Por ejemplo, `tbl_cross()` está contenida en el paquete de R llamado {gtsummary}.

A menudo se hace referencia a los paquetes de R con {brackets} y tienen logotipos "hexagonales".

]

---

# Paquetes

Un paquete de R es un **paquete compartible de funciones relacionadas entre sí** para descargar y utilizar.  
Los paquetes suelen tener un tema, por ejemplo:

- **{ggplot2}** es el paquete de visualización de datos más común
- **{lubridate}** facilita el trabajo con fechas
- **{janitor}** ayuda a limpiar y resumir los datos
- **{rmarkdown}** te ayuda a elaborar informes automatizados

---

# Instalar vs. Cargar

**Paso 1 - Instalar**

Un paquete se **instala solo una vez** y se almacena en tu "biblioteca" de R.

*El paquete es como un "libro" de funciones.*

]

**Paso 2 - Carga**

Comienza **cada sesión de R** cargando los paquetes que quieras utilizar.

*Como si tomaras prestado un libro de tu biblioteca*.

]

---

# El paquete {pacman}

Utilizar R es a menudo una elección entre enfoques. Estamos aquí para orientarte.

**El enfoque tradicional de "base R"**

``` r
install.packages("janitor") 
library(janitor) # carga            
```

- Se reinstala cada vez que se ejecuta
- Múltiples comandos
- Sintaxis difícil
- Raramente necesario

]

**El enfoque eficaz de "pacman"**

``` r
pacman::p_load(janitor)
```

- Instala paquetes *sólo si es necesario*, **y** los carga
- Bueno para scripts compartidos
- {pacman} = **pac**kage (paquete) y **man**ager (administrador)
- Requiere el paquete {pacman}

]

---

# ¿Qué código es más sencillo?

Estos comandos instalan y cargan los mismos 5 paquetes.

Utilizando funciones {base} R

``` r
# Instalar paquetes
install.packages(
     c("rio",
       "janitor",
       "gtsummary",
       "here",
       "tidyverse"))

# Cargar paquetes
library(rio)
library(janitor)
library(gtsummary)
library(here)
library(tidyverse)
```

]

Utilizando {pacman}

``` r
# Instalar paquetes si es 
# necesario y cargarlos
pacman::p_load(
  rio,
  janitor,
  gtsummary,
  here,
  tidyverse)
```

]

???
Esto es R común, donde hay muchas maneras de hacer una tarea. Nuestro trabajo es reducirlo todo y compartir contigo los enfoques más fáciles y sencillos.

---

# Importar datos a R

---

# Importar datos sin problemas

Los avances recientes han facilitado mucho la importación de datos a R:

- **Proyectos de RStudio**
- La función **`import()`** del paquete **{rio}**
- El paquete **{here}**

En este módulo utilizarás **`import()`** para importar datos de tu **proyecto de RStudio**.

En el próximo módulo hablaremos de **{here}**.

---

# Utilizando `import()`

La función **`import()`** utiliza la extensión del archivo (.csv, .xlsx) para entender el tipo de datos. Esto evita confusiones, por ejemplo `read_csv()`, `read.csv()`, `read_excel()`...

``` r
import("datos_prueba.csv")
```

No se necesita más información para un archivo de la carpeta "raíz" del proyecto, ¡y funciona en cualquier ordenador!

]

La función `import()` es del paquete {rio},
abreviatura de "**R** **I**nputs/**O**utputs" (Entradas y Salidas de R)

]

---

## Ejercicio

En el sitio web del curso, abre el ejercicio del Módulo 1 e inicia sesión  
Sigue las instrucciones para crear un proyecto de RStudio y empezar a programar  
Avísanos si no puedes iniciar sesión o no estás seguro de qué hacer